Ebonyi State

Rooftop solar in Ikwo, Ebonyi: what the roofs are worth

Ikwo has 81,691 buildings with a viable rooftop and 1.34 GWp of roof capacity. 20% run a generator, and together they spend ₦28.3bn a year on energy.

Viable buildings

81,691

Usable roof area

5.98 km²

1.34 GWp roof capacity

Energy spend

₦28.3bn/yr

29 GWh/yr burned on generators

Median payback

5.4 yr

Median IRR 19% (cash saved)

The savings bracket for Ikwo

Approach B

Cash saved

What these buildings stop paying — merit order, capped at current spend.

Current energy spend₦28.3bn/yr

Year-one cash saved₦27.8bn

Lifetime cash saved₦1.43tn

NPV₦225bn

Median IRR19%

Median payback5.4 yr

Unlocked energy23.3 GWh/yr

Approach A

Energy value (upper bracket)

What the energy is worth if full latent demand were met. Not cash saved.

Installed capacity134 MWp

Capex₦137bn

Year-one energy value₦125bn

Lifetime energy value₦5.95tn

NPV₦1.01tn

Median IRR101%

Median payback1.1 yr

Three ways to size Ikwo's rooftops

Solar + battery. The default headline scenario, and the one the SEO fact base quotes. Prices the energy a full solar+storage system would deliver.

Baseline: mixed

Counterfactual: grid when available, generator otherwise, weighted by the NTL-derived grid availability. The realistic case, and what the headline numbers use. Always falls between grid and genset by construction.

Read with care: Sized to LATENT demand — the energy the building would use if it could. Against a cash baseline that only reflects today's spend this looks oversized; that is what sc3 exists to fix.

System size: 134 MWp
Capital cost: ₦137bn
Year 1 savings: ₦125bn/yr
NPV: ₦1.01tn
Median IRR: 101%
Median payback: 1.1 yr

The odds a rooftop in Ikwo pays back quickly

Of the 78,739 buildings in Ikwo with a modelled payback, 46.2% pay back inside five years and 20.5% inside three.

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How much of Ikwo's demand actually gets met

Buildings in Ikwo consume 40.9 GWh/yr but want 64.3 GWh/yr. The 36% they cannot buy is suppressed demand — load that appears the moment supply is reliable.

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Electricity billing bands in Ikwo

Loading band economics…

How many rooftops in Ikwo actually pay

Counted building by building on the cash-saved basis (merit-order sized, valued against what the building spends today), not read off an average. Shares are of the 78,739 buildings with a modelled result out of 81,691 in Ikwo. 46,548 clear a positive NPV.

Payback

Under 3 years16,122 (20%)

Under 5 years36,400 (46%)

Under 7 years46,480 (59%)

Under 10 years54,180 (69%)

Return (IRR)

Above 10%52,238 (64%)

Above 15%46,548 (57%)

Above 20%39,673 (49%)

Above 25%29,875 (37%)

CO₂ avoided

49.4 kt/yr

Fuel avoided

14.2 million litres/yr

Energy unlocked

23.3 GWh/yr

Demand that is suppressed today

People served

340k

What hardware costs right now

Median advertised rates from our Nigerian market tracker — the same prices used to cost a system in Ikwo.

Solar panels

₦250

₦/W

Inverters

₦127,419

₦/kVA

Batteries

₦177,500

₦/kWh

Full price tracker Size a home system Size a business system

Building mix in Ikwo

Electricity billing band

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
D	36,441	6,996	₦13bn	₦12.6bn	19%	5.4 yr
E	32,710	7,067	₦11.4bn	₦11.2bn	19%	5.4 yr
C	11,882	1,846	₦3.49bn	₦3.49bn	17%	5.9 yr
B	472	93	₦44.5m	₦44.5m	19%	5.6 yr
A	186	149	₦417m	₦417m	59%	1.9 yr

Load profile

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
Residential	78,562	13,426	₦17.8bn	₦17.6bn	19%	5.6 yr
Commercial General	1,111	970	₦3.33bn	₦3.31bn	57%	1.9 yr
Worship	827	721	₦942m	₦889m	59%	1.9 yr
Anchor	710	648	₦5.37bn	₦5.12bn	75%	1.4 yr
Industrial	384	311	₦792m	₦791m	67%	1.6 yr
Commercial Retail	48	29	₦12.4m	₦12.4m	63%	1.6 yr
Filling Station	47	44	₦85m	₦85m	63%	1.6 yr
Hospitality	2	2	₦4.6m	₦4.6m	63%	1.6 yr

Roof size band

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
50 100m2	30,325	5,096	₦3.29bn	₦3.29bn	21%	5.1 yr
100 250m2	20,317	5,139	₦10.5bn	₦10.4bn	25%	4.4 yr
30 50m2	13,894	2,240	₦540m	₦540m	9%	12.9 yr
Under 30m2	13,575	2,083	₦281m	₦279m	5%	15.9 yr
250 1000m2	3,523	1,559	₦10.6bn	₦10.5bn	27%	4.1 yr
Over 1000m2	57	34	₦3.14bn	₦2.84bn	67%	1.6 yr

Settlement type

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
Urban	68,715	13,855	₦22.8bn	₦22.7bn	19%	5.4 yr
Unclassified	8,436	682	₦1.8bn	₦1.7bn	9%	8.9 yr
Dense Urban	3,832	1,482	₦3.46bn	₦3.16bn	25%	4.4 yr
Rural	708	132	₦265m	₦204m	17%	5.6 yr

Building type

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
Residential Small	40,298	6,938	₦4.08bn	₦4.08bn	21%	5.1 yr
Shed	20,221	2,297	₦254m	₦254m	7%	14.6 yr
Residential	17,977	4,179	₦13.4bn	₦13.2bn	25%	4.4 yr
Institutional	1,048	911	₦4.47bn	₦4.33bn	55%	1.9 yr
Industrial Site	363	294	₦759m	₦759m	67%	1.6 yr
Worship Center	299	260	₦167m	₦167m	61%	1.6 yr
Educational Facility	271	243	₦738m	₦738m	83%	1.4 yr
Place Of Worship	240	213	₦93.1m	₦93.1m	61%	1.6 yr
School	161	151	₦310m	₦310m	81%	1.4 yr
Commercial	157	127	₦849m	₦849m	63%	1.6 yr
Market	154	139	₦185m	₦185m	63%	1.6 yr
Healthcare Facility	115	107	₦1.36bn	₦1.33bn	51%	2.1 yr

Land use

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)
(Unset)	81,573	16,137	₦28.2bn	₦27.7bn
Commercial	118	14	₦58.9m	₦58.9m

Not published for this cube: Median IRR, Median payback.

Lead segment

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
Standard	80,317	14,948	₦20.6bn	₦20.3bn	19%	5.4 yr
Enterprise	1,094	959	₦6.16bn	₦5.91bn	69%	1.6 yr
SME High	280	244	₦1.59bn	₦1.59bn	65%	1.6 yr

Demand tier

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)
2.0	32,909	6,793	₦5.69bn	₦5.62bn
0.0	20,277	2,302	₦251m	₦251m
3.0	17,772	5,332	₦20.3bn	₦19.9bn
1.0	10,586	1,583	₦618m	₦616m
4.0	133	127	₦1.04bn	₦1.04bn
5.0	14	14	₦380m	₦380m