Enugu State

Rooftop solar in Nsukka, Enugu: what the roofs are worth

Nsukka has 144,004 buildings with a viable rooftop and 2.57 GWp of roof capacity. 15% run a generator, and together they spend ₦27.2bn a year on energy.

Viable buildings

144,004

Usable roof area

11.5 km²

2.57 GWp roof capacity

Energy spend

₦27.2bn/yr

21.2 GWh/yr burned on generators

Median payback

5.4 yr

Median IRR 21% (cash saved)

The savings bracket for Nsukka

Approach B

Cash saved

What these buildings stop paying — merit order, capped at current spend.

Current energy spend₦27.2bn/yr

Year-one cash saved₦26.9bn

Lifetime cash saved₦1.51tn

NPV₦216bn

Median IRR21%

Median payback5.4 yr

Unlocked energy38.7 GWh/yr

Approach A

Energy value (upper bracket)

What the energy is worth if full latent demand were met. Not cash saved.

Installed capacity199 MWp

Capex₦197bn

Year-one energy value₦157bn

Lifetime energy value₦7.45tn

NPV₦1.24tn

Median IRR89%

Median payback1.1 yr

Three ways to size Nsukka's rooftops

Solar + battery. The default headline scenario, and the one the SEO fact base quotes. Prices the energy a full solar+storage system would deliver.

Baseline: mixed

Counterfactual: grid when available, generator otherwise, weighted by the NTL-derived grid availability. The realistic case, and what the headline numbers use. Always falls between grid and genset by construction.

Read with care: Sized to LATENT demand — the energy the building would use if it could. Against a cash baseline that only reflects today's spend this looks oversized; that is what sc3 exists to fix.

System size: 199 MWp
Capital cost: ₦197bn
Year 1 savings: ₦157bn/yr
NPV: ₦1.24tn
Median IRR: 89%
Median payback: 1.1 yr

The odds a rooftop in Nsukka pays back quickly

Of the 140,489 buildings in Nsukka with a modelled payback, 46.9% pay back inside five years and 13.4% inside three.

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How much of Nsukka's demand actually gets met

Buildings in Nsukka consume 58.7 GWh/yr but want 97.4 GWh/yr. The 40% they cannot buy is suppressed demand — load that appears the moment supply is reliable.

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Electricity billing bands in Nsukka

Loading band economics…

How many rooftops in Nsukka actually pay

Counted building by building on the cash-saved basis (merit-order sized, valued against what the building spends today), not read off an average. Shares are of the 140,489 buildings with a modelled result out of 144,004 in Nsukka. 92,217 clear a positive NPV.

Payback

Under 3 years18,806 (13%)

Under 5 years65,839 (47%)

Under 7 years92,011 (65%)

Under 10 years108,653 (77%)

Return (IRR)

Above 10%105,745 (73%)

Above 15%92,217 (64%)

Above 20%72,860 (51%)

Above 25%53,564 (37%)

CO₂ avoided

58.9 kt/yr

Fuel avoided

10.9 million litres/yr

Energy unlocked

38.7 GWh/yr

Demand that is suppressed today

People served

432k

What hardware costs right now

Median advertised rates from our Nigerian market tracker — the same prices used to cost a system in Nsukka.

Solar panels

₦250

₦/W

Inverters

₦127,419

₦/kVA

Batteries

₦177,500

₦/kWh

Full price tracker Size a home system Size a business system

Building mix in Nsukka

Electricity billing band

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
B	39,396	7,083	₦9.26bn	₦9.16bn	23%	4.6 yr
C	33,711	5,615	₦5.98bn	₦5.94bn	21%	5.1 yr
D	32,410	4,167	₦5.5bn	₦5.44bn	17%	5.9 yr
E	24,273	4,223	₦5.5bn	₦5.5bn	19%	5.6 yr
A	14,214	323	₦915m	₦915m	19%	5.4 yr

Load profile

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
Residential	138,034	18,920	₦16.5bn	₦16.4bn	19%	5.4 yr
Commercial General	2,635	1,041	₦4.15bn	₦4.11bn	35%	3.1 yr
Commercial Retail	1,587	460	₦106m	₦106m	33%	3.4 yr
Anchor	961	584	₦4.71bn	₦4.69bn	47%	2.1 yr
Industrial	439	254	₦841m	₦841m	47%	2.1 yr
Worship	205	103	₦147m	₦147m	35%	3.1 yr
Filling Station	69	29	₦34.7m	₦34.7m	35%	3.1 yr
Hospitality	52	17	₦607m	₦563m	35%	3.1 yr
Mall Retail	12	3	₦13.3m	₦13.3m	35%	3.1 yr
Productive Use	10	0	₦3.79m	₦3.79m	33%	3.4 yr

Roof size band

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
100 250m2	40,584	6,580	₦9.07bn	₦9.04bn	25%	4.4 yr
Under 30m2	37,019	4,894	₦466m	₦466m	7%	14.9 yr
50 100m2	34,040	4,482	₦1.88bn	₦1.81bn	21%	5.4 yr
30 50m2	23,059	3,009	₦556m	₦532m	11%	8.9 yr
250 1000m2	9,094	2,349	₦10.9bn	₦10.9bn	25%	4.1 yr
Over 1000m2	208	97	₦4.27bn	₦4.19bn	33%	3.4 yr

Settlement type

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
Urban Centre	86,333	13,726	₦16bn	₦15.9bn	21%	5.1 yr
Urban	32,874	4,713	₦6.77bn	₦6.77bn	19%	5.6 yr
Unclassified	11,907	1,276	₦2.69bn	₦2.58bn	19%	5.6 yr
Dense Urban	10,536	1,234	₦1.26bn	₦1.26bn	17%	5.9 yr
Rural	2,354	462	₦429m	₦429m	21%	5.1 yr

Building type

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
Residential	36,979	6,197	₦12.7bn	₦12.7bn	25%	4.4 yr
Shed	35,309	4,287	₦395m	₦395m	7%	14.1 yr
Residential Small	32,926	4,968	₦1.63bn	₦1.6bn	19%	5.6 yr
Residential Informal	17,342	2,401	₦1.41bn	₦1.35bn	23%	4.6 yr
Residential Formal	15,119	1,018	₦392m	₦392m	17%	5.6 yr
Kiosk Shop	1,590	460	₦106m	₦106m	33%	3.4 yr
Commercial Corridor	899	287	₦1.27bn	₦1.27bn	35%	3.1 yr
Commercial	863	260	₦954m	₦917m	35%	3.1 yr
Institutional	771	480	₦2.85bn	₦2.85bn	47%	2.1 yr
Educational Facility	356	238	₦900m	₦900m	71%	1.4 yr
School	281	167	₦282m	₦282m	55%	1.9 yr
Industrial Site	277	165	₦642m	₦642m	55%	1.9 yr

Land use

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)
(Unset)	143,345	21,135	₦26.8bn	₦26.6bn
Retail	479	167	₦101m	₦101m
Commercial	179	109	₦260m	₦260m
Farmyard	1	0	₦430	₦430

Not published for this cube: Median IRR, Median payback.

Lead segment

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)	Median IRR	Median payback
Standard	140,761	20,014	₦19.3bn	₦19.1bn	19%	5.4 yr
SME High	1,885	591	₦2.43bn	₦2.39bn	35%	3.1 yr
Enterprise	1,358	806	₦5.47bn	₦5.45bn	47%	2.4 yr

Demand tier

Segment	Buildings	With generator	Spend ₦/yr	Cash saved yr 1 (B)
2.0	39,674	5,967	₦3.58bn	₦3.49bn
3.0	38,232	7,343	₦16.2bn	₦16.2bn
0.0	35,319	4,274	₦395m	₦395m
4.0	15,572	1,437	₦5.21bn	₦5.18bn
1.0	14,593	2,309	₦504m	₦481m
5.0	554	70	₦1.06bn	₦1.01bn
6.0	60	11	₦189m	₦189m